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Visa Inc. (V)

Undervalued
Financial ServicesCredit ServicesUnited States

Fundamental

68

Price

$407.92

Market Cap

$755.84B

Part 1 · What the company is worth

Overview

Visa runs the electronic network that connects banks, merchants and cardholders so that a card payment clears in seconds. It does not lend money or issue cards itself — banks do that — Visa only moves the transaction data and guarantees the payment reaches the merchant. It earns a small fee on an enormous number of transactions worldwide, and because the network already links millions of merchants and billions of cards, each additional transaction costs it very little to process.

How it makes money

Visa books revenue in four categories: service fees for carrying volume on the network, data processing fees for authorizing and clearing each transaction, international transaction fees when a payment crosses currencies or borders, and other smaller fees. It then pays back a large chunk of that gross revenue to banks and merchants as client incentives to keep them issuing Visa cards and accepting them, so net revenue is what remains after those payments.

Revenue by segment

Data Processing35.8%

Fees for authorizing, clearing and settling each transaction on the network — the single largest and fastest-growing revenue line.

Service31.4%

Fees charged to financial institutions based on the payment volume carried on their Visa-branded cards.

International Transaction25.4%

Fees earned when a card is used in a currency or country different from where it was issued.

Other Revenue7.3%

Value-added services such as fraud prevention, consulting and data analytics sold to banks and merchants.

Competitive moat

Network effects · Wide

Visa's network is valuable precisely because so many banks and merchants already use it: a card is worth little if merchants won't take it, and a merchant terminal is worth little if customers don't carry the card. That mutual dependence, built over sixty years, is extremely hard for a new entrant to replicate — it would need both sides of the market on board at once.

What drives demand

Moderately cyclical

Payment volume tracks overall consumer spending, so it slows when the economy weakens and picks up when it strengthens, but people keep paying for everyday goods even in a downturn, which makes the swings milder than in industries selling big discretionary purchases. Cross-border volume, tied to travel and international e-commerce, is the most cyclical slice of the business.

Key risks

  • Increasing regulation — Growing regulatory attention on the payments industry worldwide can impose costly new compliance burdens on Visa and its bank clients, and in some cases directly caps the fees Visa is allowed to charge.
  • Disintermediation — New payment technologies and bilateral arrangements — merchants settling directly with issuers or processors, for instance — can route transactions around Visa's network entirely, cutting it out of a deal it once earned a fee on.
  • Merchant and interchange litigation — Visa has faced large antitrust actions from U.S. and European merchants over how it sets default interchange rates, already resulting in billions of dollars in settlements and ongoing restrictions on how it can operate.
  • Data breaches and fraud — A breach involving card data stored by Visa or by a third party, or a disruption to its transaction-processing systems, could damage trust in the network and trigger liability and remediation costs.

The case for

Buyers argue that Visa's network effect is nearly impossible to dislodge, that fiscal 2025's 11% net revenue growth and expanding value-added services show the company is still finding new ways to grow, and that the business needs almost no capital to keep processing more transactions as global commerce keeps shifting from cash to cards.

The case against

Sellers fear that regulators worldwide keep chipping away at interchange fees, that real-time bank-transfer schemes and stablecoins offer merchants a cheaper way to get paid that bypasses Visa entirely, and that a network built on two-sided trust is exactly what a large data breach could undermine.

Written by the editors, published on August 18, 2026

Direct competitors

Who this company fights with for the same customers

No editorial profile for this company yet

No competitor list for this company yet.

Balance Sheet & Liquidity

Revenue

$43.03B

Trailing 12 months (through 3/31/2026)

Net Income

$22.24B

Trailing 12 months (through 3/31/2026)

Free Cash Flow

$21.58B

Total Equity

$37.91B

Total Liabilities

$61.72B

Current Ratio

1.09

Interest Coverage

42.34

Debt/EBITDA

0.95

Earnings Per Share

No EPS data available

Revenue & Net Income

Free Cash Flow

Income Breakdown

Historical statement

Margins over time

Debt over time

How heavy the debt is

Growth grid

Growth — Revenue

Fair Value Estimation

General caseUndervalued

Fair Value

$640.02

Current Price

$407.92

Margin of Safety

+36.3%

Fair Value Range

$416.01 - $864.03

Spread across the valuation methods used, not a statistically calibrated confidence interval.

Estimation Methods

Analyst price target:$422.77
Discounted cash flow (DCF):$1532.21
Earnings multiple (P/E):$283.85
Graham growth formula:$415.67
Earnings power value (EPV):$125.32
Justified P/B:$228.19
Dividend discount (Gordon):$50.04
P/FFO, funds from operations:$725.47
Mid-cycle earnings:$619.15
Revenue multiple:$61.12
Last Earnings Surprise:+0.84%

Valuation Metrics

P/E Ratio

33.27

ROE

52.9%

P/B Ratio

5.37

P/FCF

9.04

Gross Margin

-

ROIC

31.5%

Profitability Radar

Value Creation (Economic Moat)

ROIC

31.5%

WACC

8.8%

ROIC − WACC

+22.7 pp

ROIC exceeds the cost of capital — the company is creating value for shareholders.

Fundamental Analysis Criteria

Passed (14)

  • Price CAGR 16.57%
  • ROIC 31.5%
  • P/FCF 9.04
  • Debt/equity ratio
  • Operating margin 61.1%
  • Positive free cash flow
  • CapEx intensity
  • Current ratio
  • Interest coverage
  • Debt/EBITDA
  • Return on tangible assets
  • ROE 61.3%
  • Revenue growth 5Y 12.9%
  • Earnings quality (operating cash flow / net income) 1.02

Failed (7)

  • P/B ratio 5.37
  • Low reliance on intangibles
  • DCF valuation (Overvalued)
  • Earnings surprise, average 0.8%
  • PEG ratio 2.10
  • Net margin trend 51.7% vs 52.9%
  • Piotroski F-Score 4/9

Unavailable (5)

  • EPS data insufficient
  • Gross margin –
  • Dividend payout –
  • Price below Graham Number
  • Share dilution (missing share count)

Piotroski F-Score

4/9

Mixed signals: some areas need attention

ROA > 0
Operating cash flow > 0
ΔROA > 0
Cash flow > net income
Leverage ↓
Current ratio ↑
No dilution
Gross margin ↑
Asset turnover ↑

Earnings Quality

1.02

High quality: earnings backed by cash

Share Dilution

-

Buying back shares. Shareholder friendly

Institutional Holdings

Governance

Executive Team

NameTitleAge
Mr. Ryan M. McInerneyCEO & Director50
Mr. Christopher SuhChief Financial Officer55
Mr. Rajat TanejaPresident of Technology61
Ms. Kelly Mahon Tullier J.D.Vice Chair, Chief People & Corporate Affairs Officer and Corporate Secretary59
Mr. Paul D. FabaraChief Risk & Client Services Officer59
Mr. Peter AndreskiSenior VP, Global Corporate Controller & Chief Accounting Officer52
Ms. Jennifer ComoHead of Investor Relations-
Ms. Julie B. Rottenberg J.D.General Counsel56
Mr. Frank Cooper IIIChief Marketing Officer61
Mr. Oliver JenkynGroup President of Global Markets52

Audit Risk

10

Board Risk

1

Compensation Risk

2

Shareholder Rights Risk

4

Documents

  • Annual Report (10-K)

    A yearly overview of the business, its financial results, and the risks it faces.

    Filed on 2025-11-06

    View document
  • Quarterly Report (10-Q)

    A snapshot of financial performance for the most recent three-month period.

    Filed on 2026-07-29

    View document
  • Current Report (8-K)

    An announcement of a major event, such as a leadership change or big news.

    Filed on 2026-09-23

    View document

via SEC EDGAR

Income History

via SEC EDGAR

Part 2 · The price and its context

This part shows how the price has behaved, not whether the company is worth owning. Inside: technical analysis, potential, historical drawdowns, gamma exposure.

Market Reaction Profile

How much V moves, measured on its daily prices.

VolatilityLow

More volatile than 7% of the tracked stocks (90-day volatility).

Volatility 30d
19.1%
Volatility 90d
19.6%
Beta vs S&P 500 (1y)
0.28Correlation 0.16
Max drawdown (12m)
-17.4%
ATR (14d, % of price)
1.66%

Earnings reactions

How V moved around its past quarterly results.

Next earnings release

Oct 27, 2026 · In 3 days · After the close

EPS estimate: 3.44Revenue estimate: $12.1B

What usually happens

  • Over the last 12 releases the stock moved a median of 1.4% the next day, up or down.
  • Next-day moves: up 6, down 6 (out of 12).

Release history

DateWhen EPS est.EPS actualSurprise Gap 1 day5 days
Jul 28, 2026After the close3.293.32+0.8% -2.6% +0.6% +0.8%
Apr 28, 2026After the close3.163.31+4.8% +8.8% +8.3% +4.1%
Jan 29, 2026After the close3.203.17-1.0% +0.1% -3.0% -0.8%
Oct 28, 2025After the close3.032.98-1.5% -0.3% -1.6% -1.9%
Jul 29, 2025After the close2.902.98+2.7% +0.1% -0.1% -3.9%
Apr 29, 2025After the closen/an/an/a-2.1% +1.2% +1.8%
Jan 30, 2025After the closen/an/an/a+1.0% -0.4% +1.3%
Oct 29, 2024After the closen/an/an/a+3.7% +2.9% +4.0%
Jul 23, 2024After the closen/an/an/a-3.3% -4.0% -0.6%
Apr 23, 2024After the closen/an/an/a+3.1% +0.3% -2.0%
Jan 25, 2024After the closen/an/an/a-2.4% -1.7% +1.6%
Oct 24, 2023After the closen/an/an/a-1.0% +0.9% +0.2%

Release dates from SEC 8-K filings.

Updated 10/24/2026

Historical statistics for educational purposes only. They are not forecasts and not investment advice.

Price reaction to the news

Latest news on V and what the price did next.

Return of the stock minus return of SPY over the same days. A news item close to a price move did not necessarily cause it. Historical data for educational purposes only, not investment advice.

Latest News

Recent headlines for V.

  • 4d agoPOSITIVE
    Visa And Mesh Want Crypto Wallet Balances To Work At 175 Million Merchants

    Visa Inc. has partnered with Mesh to enable consumers to spend cryptocurrency and stablecoins directly at over 175 million merchant locations worldwide where Visa is accepted. This integration bypasses the need for manual conversion of digital assets into traditional currency before purchase. Mesh's payment infrastructure will connect eligible crypto wallet balances to Visa's extensive acceptance network. For merchants, this means no direct blockchain asset acceptance is required, maintaining continuity with existing payment systems. For wallet providers, it offers a more practical utility for crypto balances. The success hinges on a seamless user experience comparable to traditional card payments.

  • 5d agoPOSITIVE
    Visa, Mesh partner to enable crypto spending at 175M merchant locations

    Visa has partnered with Mesh to integrate cryptocurrency and stablecoin wallets directly into its global payment network. This collaboration aims to enable consumers to spend digital assets at approximately 175 million merchant locations worldwide, bypassing the need for dedicated crypto cards. The move signifies a significant step towards mainstream adoption of cryptocurrencies for everyday transactions, potentially boosting transaction volumes and revenue for Visa by expanding its payment ecosystem. Investors may view this as a strategic initiative to capture a growing market segment.

  • 11d agoPOSITIVE
    ‘The timing is notable’: China lets Visa start preparing to clear bank card payments, weeks before a third Xi-Trump meeting

    Visa Inc. has been granted permission by Chinese authorities to begin preparations for clearing bank card payments in the country. This development, occurring shortly before a potential third meeting between Presidents Xi and Trump, follows President Trump's prior mention of facilitating U.S. financial services access to China. This move represents a significant step towards opening the vast Chinese market to foreign payment networks, potentially boosting Visa's transaction volumes and revenue streams. Investors will monitor the timeline and specifics of Visa's market entry.

  • 23d agoPOSITIVE
    Visa Says Business Payments Now Drive 17% Of Stablecoin-Linked Card Volume

    Visa has reported that approximately 17% of its stablecoin-linked card volume in fiscal year 2026 year-to-date originates from business and commercial card programs. This indicates a significant expansion of stablecoin utility beyond consumer crypto spending, moving into critical areas like treasury management, cross-border settlements, and supplier payments. With over 160 stablecoin-linked card programs supported, Visa is bridging traditional payment infrastructure with digital assets. This trend suggests stablecoins are evolving into a robust business payment infrastructure, offering a hybrid model that leverages existing merchant networks while facilitating on-chain settlement. The increasing business adoption, though still a minority share, signifies a maturing use case for stablecoins and could represent a substantial, albeit less visible, form of adoption.

  • 9/9/2026NEUTRAL
    Visa India’s Next Bet Beyond UPI Dominance

    Visa's India Country Manager, Suresh Sethi, discussed the company's strategy to maintain card relevance amidst India's burgeoning digital payments landscape, particularly the dominance of Unified Payments Interface (UPI). Sethi highlighted Visa's focus on growth priorities, strategic partnerships, and leveraging India's digital public infrastructure. While the discussion centers on Visa's efforts to adapt and innovate in a competitive market, it does not present concrete financial results or forward-looking guidance that would immediately impact its stock price. Investors will monitor how Visa's strategic initiatives translate into market share and revenue growth in India.

  • 9/8/2026POSITIVE
    Visa brings onchain credit to its growing stablecoin card business

    Visa is integrating onchain credit capabilities into its stablecoin card business, as stablecoin payment volume on its network has surged by nearly 200% year-over-year. This strategic move combines VisaNet settlement data with blockchain lending, signaling a significant expansion into the digital asset payment space. The substantial growth in stablecoin usage indicates increasing adoption and trust in these digital currencies for transactions. For investors, this development highlights Visa's commitment to innovation and its ability to adapt to evolving payment technologies, potentially unlocking new revenue streams and solidifying its market position in the future of digital finance.

  • 8/28/2026POSITIVE
    Visa works with Upbit parent on stablecoin payments, AI commerce

    Visa Inc. is collaborating with Dunamu, the parent company of South Korean crypto exchange Upbit, to explore the integration of stablecoin payments and remittances. This partnership will investigate various projects, including Open Standard's proposed OUSD stablecoin, for potential use in cross-border transactions. The initiative signals Visa's continued interest in leveraging blockchain technology to enhance payment efficiency and expand its reach into the digital asset space, potentially opening new revenue streams and improving transaction speeds for its global network.

  • 8/24/2026POSITIVE
    Visa and Mastercard stocks hit fresh records, underscoring a resilient U.S. consumer

    Visa and Mastercard stocks reached new all-time highs, reflecting robust consumer spending in the U.S. Despite consumers becoming more selective, aggregate spending remains strong, benefiting these payment giants. This resilience in consumer behavior, coupled with the companies' dominant market positions, suggests continued revenue growth and profitability. Investors are likely to view this trend positively, anticipating sustained performance from these payment network leaders.

  • 7/29/2026NEUTRAL
    Visa Beats Estimates, Takes $563 Million Charge on Job Cuts

    Visa Inc. reported fiscal third-quarter earnings that surpassed Wall Street expectations. However, the company also announced significant workforce reductions, planning to eliminate approximately 2,600 jobs. This move, while potentially impacting short-term morale and incurring restructuring charges, could be viewed by investors as a strategic effort to streamline operations and improve long-term profitability. The dual nature of beating estimates while implementing cost-saving measures presents a mixed picture for the payments giant.